p-value

Last updated Dec 2, 2022

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What is p-value?

• p-value is a statistical measurement used to validate a hypothesis againts observed data

What does the p-value measures?

• p-value measure the probability of obtaining the observed results, assuming that the null hypothesis is true

How to calculate p-value?

1. Find out the test statistic $z$
   • $z = \frac{\hat p - p_0}{\sqrt{\frac{p_0(1-p_0)}{n}}}$
   • where: $\hat p$ = sample proportion $p_0$ = assumed population proportion in the null hypothesis $n$ = sample size
2. Look at the z-table to find the corresponding level of p from the z value obtained